The UEFI boot system is tricky and you need to get along with Secure Boot to do this. Secure Boot is outside of the Linux kernel. Both Fedora and Ubuntu have systems for this. Fedora uses the Anaconda system and I believe they do it best. I have had a W11 partition for 2 years and never used it once. It can’t even get on the internet with my firewall setup, but it is there and never had any issues the 3 times I logged into it.

I think all of the Fedora systems support the shim key and secure boot but I know Workstation does. For Ubuntu I think it is just the regular vanilla Ubuntu desktop that the shim supports. This may be somewhat sketchy with Nvidia or maybe not. Nvidia “”““open sourced””“” their kernel code but the actual nvcc compiler required to build the binaries is still proprietary crap.

I have a 3080Ti gaming laptop. It isn’t half bad with 16 GB of video RAM from all the way back in 2021. Nvidia is artificially holding back the vram because of monopoly nonsense. The new stuff has very little real consumer value as a result, at least with AI stuff I run. The hardware is a little faster, but more vram is absolutely critical and new stuff that is the same or worse than what I have from 3 generations and nearly 5 years ago is ridiculous.

The battery life blows and the GPU likely won’t even work on battery. It will get donkey balls hot with AI workloads, especially any kind of image gen. This results in lots of thermal throttling. All AI packages run as servers on your network. If you are thinking along these lines if running your own models, get a tower and run the thing remotely.

I manage, and need the ergonomics for physical disability reasons, but I still would prefer to have a separate tower to run models from.

Anyways, you can sign your own UEFI keys to use any distro, but this can be daunting for some people. The US defense department has a good PDF guide on setting your own keys. The UEFI bootloader for the machine may not have all key signing features implemented. There is a way to boot into UEFI directly and set the keys manually but this is not easy to find great guides on how to do it step by step. Gentoo has a tutorial on this, but it assumes a high level of competency.

Other than signing your own keys, the shim keys mentioned are special keys signed by Microsoft for the principal maintainer of the distro. These slide under the Microsoft key to keep secure boot enabled.

If you boot any secure boot enabled OS, the bootloader is required to delete any bootable unsigned code it finds. It does not matter if it is a shimmed Fedora or W11. If you have any other OS present in the boot list, it should be deleted. W11 is SB only, and this is where the real issues arise.

Are you insane? Debian is a base distro like any other and runs more hardware than any other. It has all of the bootstrapping tools to get hardware working.

Canonical is a server company and Ubuntu server is literally the product.

Arch is absolute garbage for most users unless you have a CS degree or you have entirely too much time on your hands and don’t mind an OS as your life project. Arch abhors tutorial content in all documentation and therefore dumps users into a rabbit hole regularly. Pacman is the worst package manager as it will actively break a system and present the user with the dumbest of choices at random because the maintainers are ultimately sadistic and lackadaisical. Arch is nearly identical to Gentoo with Arch binaries often based on Gentoo builds, yet Gentoo provides relevant instruction and documentation with any changes that require user intervention and does so at a responsible and ethical level that shows kindness, respect, and consideration completely absent from Arch. Arch is a troll by trolls for trolls. I’m more than capable of running it now, but I would never bother with such inconsiderate behavior.

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Fedora’s Anaconda system makes UEFI secure boot easy and ships with SELinux integrated but set to permissive by default. Their built in network filtering tools are pretty easy but I still just use OpenWRT on a separate device. Silverblue was nice for a few years but I switched to Workstation for a machine with Nvidia hw.

It is okay to not know. You’re still technically a kid, scientifically speaking. The prefrontal cortex plays a role in this kind of mental space, and that does not fully develop until age 25 in humans. That doesn’t mean you are a kid. Like puberty is sexual maturity on a purely physiological level. The extreme offset of sexual and cognitive maturity is likely how the species even exists. Even evolution knows reproduction is far more likely in those that can’t think clearly.

I went through troubled times in my early twenties too with several relationship with people I was not very well matched with. That does not mean you are not well matched.

One area you may grow a lot in the next 10+ years is your self awareness in several different contexts. The sexual tension of youth may blind you to the true diversity of human thought processes and interactions. For instance, I am an outlier for being so abstract in functional thought. I’m not very aware of my own emotions, like I do not think within that space by default. I must focus and mull over my thoughts for some time if I’m going to tell you how I really feel about something. I’m driven by curiosity and not any sense of narcissistic self interest. I know this is very different than how most people think and see the world. I’m aware of various other types of people and how to spot people that fundamentally do not understand my thought process. There is a lot more to this, but that is enough in a nutshell.

I’m 40 but in a strange place due to becoming disabled at 29 while riding a bicycle to work. This is stuff I really started to learn about in my mid twenties until now. I found it deeply frustrating dealing with many people because I assumed I was somewhat normal and did not understand why others acted as they did. This dichotomous logic is a fallacy. People are a broad spectrum and no one is binary in some oversimplified right and wrong. Some people are more or less compatible. There is also a very large range of intelligence, and many types of intelligence at that. Everyone is a dumbass in some contexts and that is okay. It is okay to explore differences in a relationship and to figure out which ones are most important to you. It is also okay to ask yourself if you are the smartest person in any room you find yourself in and leave if the answer is yes and you feel held back by that. It is essential to listen to advice and know when to ignore it too. No one else can steer for you better than you.

Isn’t there a universal interface for photon on any instance? I tried using them at some point but neither is compatible with my networking practices. In only use Alexandrite.

I posted in the wrong place I guess, but I usually get a bad response from this instance for whatever reason.

You lose the I/O and power efficiency is no comparison. You can get better power efficiency and sometimes some I/O with an old router and OpenWRT, but you’ll be in the class of a Beagle Bone and a much harder learning curve. I’ve never managed to get a sensor or peripheral working on some old laptop’s SPI or I2C buses like how easy it is on a Rπ.

Sure, you can send me a nas with drives and another network switch, wiring, and pay for labor to run it, while setting it up to work with my hardware and firewall. I have no interest in these projects to support something maybe useful to you but that I already know. I’d rather just do what I do now and keep it to myself. I’m physically disabled with no meaningful income. Gatekeep your hobby and financial position all you’d like, but **** your random prejudiced negative vitriol towards strangers.

Not necessarily. Like I don’t have my YT stuff stored anywhere any more.

Shorter format stuff – sure, and that seems to be the only focus really for peertube now. Most of the YT stuff I posted was like bits and pieces of my journey of creating a product photography studio and progress I was making while still in my collar with a broken neck. I also made electrical hobby and bicycle stuff. I typically uploaded long format with 20-40 minutes detailing what I tried and what did or did not work when fixing stuff that is supposed to be unserviceable or undocumented and like reverse engineering type content. Some of those proved to be a reference I used many years later. My digital storage has never been at a very high quality level. Most of my motivation is like here on Lemmy; I want to share and just be a little social while maybe providing some useful tidbit that helps someone. I’d rather relegate that digital archiving to someone else mostly because my life has never been well supported or super stable.

We probably need to also get more of us actually uploading to peertube and posting stuff here with better integration.

First step is streamlining account creation and uploading. Is there a post goto for how to sign up? What servers are stable versus maybe not so much? Really useful video content is a major undertaking for technically useful stuff. I did several on YT in the past and some in the hundreds of thousands of views about how to fix or hack stuff where I was the only source posted. Editing something well is at least 1 hour per minute, and twice that with a good setup and recording. So like, I’d be far more bummed if that stuff got lost by instances disappearing. That is probably the biggest hesitation I have had. IMO, useful original content is the holy grail for this kind of thing, or maybe that is just my perspective bias.

Oh wow, so we are in kinda similar places but from vastly different paths and capabilities. Back before I was disabled I was a rather extreme outlier of a car enthusiast, like I painted (owned) ported and machined professionally. I was really good with carburetors, but had a chance to get some specially made direct injection race heads with mechanical injector ports in the combustion chamber… I knew some of the Hilborn guys… real edgy race stuff. I was looking at building a supercharged motor with a mini blower and a very custom open source Megasquirt fuel injection setup using a bunch of hacked parts from some junkyard Mercedes direct injection Bosch diesel cars. I had no idea how complex computing and microcontrollers are, but I figured it couldn’t be much worse than how I had figured out all automotive systems and mechanics. After I was disabled 11 years ago riding a bicycle to work while the heads were off of my Camaro, I got into Arduino and just trying to figure out how to build sensors and gauges. I never fully recovered from the broken neck and back, but am still chipping away at compute. Naturally, I started with a mix of digital functionality and interfacing with analog.

From this perspective, I don’t really like API like interfaces. I often have trouble wrapping my head around them. I want to know what is actually happening under the hood. I have a ton of discrete logic for breadboards and have built stuff like Ben Eater’s breadboard computer. At one point I played with CPLDs in Quartus. I have an ICE40 around but have only barely gotten the open source toolchain running before losing interest and moving on to other stuff. I prefer something like Flash Forth or Micropython running on a microcontroller so that I am independent of some proprietary IDE nonsense. But I am primarily a Maker and prefer fabrication or CAD over programming. I struggle to manage complexity and the advanced algorithms I would know if I had a formal CS background.

So from that perspective, what I find baffling about RISC under CISC is specifically the timing involved. Your API mindset is likely handwaving this as black box, but I am in this box. Like, I understand how there should be a pipeline of steps involved for the complex instruction to happen. What I do not understand is the reason or mechanisms that separate CISC from RISC in this pipeline. If my goal is to do A…E, and A-B and C-D are RISC instructions, I have a ton of questions. Like why is there still any divide at all for x86 if direct emulation is a translation and subdivision of two instructions? Or how is the timing of this RISC compilation as efficient as if the logic is built as an integrated monolith? How could that ever be more efficient? Is this incompetent cost cutting, backwards compatibility constrained, or some fundamental issue with the topology like RLC issues with the required real estate on the die?

As far as the Chips and Cheese article, if I recall correctly, that was saved once upon a time in Infinity on my last phone, but Infinity got locked by the dev. The reddit post link would have been a month or two before June of 2023, but your search is as good as mine. I’m pretty good at reading and remembering the abstract bits of info I found useful, but I’m not great about saving citations, so take it as water cooler hearsay if you like. It was said in good faith with no attempt to intentionally mislead.

You caught me. I meant this, but was thinking backwards from the bottom up. Like building the logic and registers required to satisfy the CISC instruction.

This mental space is my thar be dragons and wizards space on the edge of my comprehension and curiosity. The pipelines involved to execute a complex instruction like AVX loading a 512 bit word, while two logical cores are multi threading with cache prediction, along with the DRAM bus width limitations, to run tensor maths – are baffling to me.

I barely understood the Chips and Cheese article explaining how the primary bottleneck for running LLMs on a CPU is the L2 to L1 cache bus throughput. Conceptually that makes sense, but thinking in terms of the actual hardware, I can’t answer, “why aren’t AI models packaged and processed in blocks specifically sized for this cache bus limitation”. If my cache bus is the limiting factor, duel threading for logical cores seems like asinine stupidity that poisons the cache. Or why an OS CPU scheduler is not equip to automatically detect or flag tensor math and isolate threads from kernel interrupts is beyond me.

Adding a layer to that and saying all of this is RISC cosplaying as CISC is my mental party clown cum serial killer… “but… but… it is 1 instruction…”

ARM is an older Reduced Instruction Set Computing out of Berkeley too. There are not a lot of differences here. x86 could even be better. American companies are mostly run by incompetent misers that extract value through exploitation instead of innovation on the edge and future. Intel has crashed and burned because it failed to keep pace with competition. Like much of the newer x86 stuff is RISC-like wrappers on CISC instructions under the hood, to loosely quote others at places like Linux Plumbers conference talks.

ARM costs a fortune in royalties. RISC-V removes those royalties and creates an entire ecosystem for companies to independently sell their own IP blocks instead of places like Intel using this space for manipulative exploitation through vendor lock in. If China invests in RISC-V, it will antiquate the entire West within 5-10 years time, similar to what they did with electric vehicles and western privateer pirate capitalist incompetence.

I think the Chinese will do it with RISC-V, or Europe will demand it independently.

We’re on the last nodes for fabs. The era of exponential growth is over. It is inevitable that a major shift in hardware longevity and serviceability will happen now. Stuff will also get much more expensive because volume is not needed or possible in the cycle to pay back the node investments.

The harder they push, the more it incentivises someone else to sell actual open source hardware for profit.

Just one finger

marriage equestity

Took me a minute… I have to jump through many self made hoops to get new websites through my firewall’s DNS filter and I don’t enable http. It is however on archive. I’m probably the only nerd here with such masochistic network, but whatever. Thanks for the comment. Tycho was a character, that’s for sure.